We get it – the hype surrounding the infamous SOC 2 compliance report is real. But trust us: getting comfortable with and understanding how to interpret a SOC 2 report will not only do wonders for you and your business but also give you a serious edge.
So, let’s get to the good stuff (minus the fluff) and dive into what your SOC 2 audit report entails and how your business can leverage these findings to strengthen its security posture and stand out from the rest.
Why SOC 2 is a Necessity
With 2025 fast approaching, information security shouldn’t just be another item on your never-ending to-do list. It’s table stakes and deserves a spot at the very top of that list. With data breaches and privacy concerns making headlines faster than the latest memes, achieving and maintaining SOC 2 compliance is more critical than ever. Your SOC 2 reports serve as your business’s security seal of approval, demonstrating to customers and key stakeholders that you’re handling data responsibly and taking the necessary measures to keep sensitive information secure.
Beyond that, these reports are invaluable to the growth of your business, providing a clear window into the current state of your organization’s data security management practices while helping you mitigate risk and maintain trust.
SOC 2 Report Types: A Breakdown
While there are various SOC reports, when it comes to SOC 2 (arguably the most essential), there are two main types you might come across, so it’s important to know which one you’re holding:
| SOC 2 Report Type | Description |
| Type I | This focuses on the description of a company’s systems at a specific point in time. Think of it like a snapshot – useful for a quick peek but lacking the long-term picture. |
| Type II | This is the VIP when it comes to SOC 2 reports. It examines a company’s systems over a period (usually 3-12 months), giving you a comprehensive view of the effectiveness of their security controls in action. |
Pro Tip: If you’re looking for reassurance and want to prove that your processes work consistently over time, Type 2 is your go-to. Not to mention, this is the report customers care about the most – so really, investing in SOC 2 Type 2 compliance is a no-brainer.
GET SOC 2 COMPLIANT 90% FASTER
Key Components of a SOC 2 Report
Now that we’ve covered the basics, let’s explore what a SOC 2 Type 2 (the VIP) report actually contains. While not even the strongest caffeine can help you power through a full SOC 2 report, it can fortunately be broken down into manageable, bite-sized chunks.
Here’s what the key sections of your SOC 2 report include:
Section 1: Management Assertion
A brief declaration from management about their commitment to maintaining effective security controls. Think of it as an accountability statement – it’s the “trust me, we did the thing” part of the report.
Section 2: Independent Service Auditor’s Opinion
Also known as the opinion letter, this section summarizes the auditor’s findings, providing a high-level overview of how the audit went and stating whether the controls meet the necessary SOC 2 standards.
Section 3: Systems Description
A SOC 2 system description is a required document that describes the systems, processes, and controls relevant to a service organization’s system – covering infrastructure, processes, people, and technology. Essentially, it’s what the company has been doing to keep data safe.
Section 4: Description of Controls and Test Results
The auditor details control descriptions, testing procedures, and the outcomes of how each control performed in the tests. This is usually presented in a table and includes any exceptions. This section shows whether controls operated as intended but does not explain how they’re implemented. For example, if the control states, “user access is reviewed quarterly,” details on how the review is conducted, by whom, or when will not be included.
Section 5 (Optional): Additional Information Provided by Management
This section is optional and is not audited by the auditor. It allows management to provide context and reference elements not tested or covered in the report, such as future plans for new systems or a detailed response to a qualified opinion.
How to Read a SOC 2 Report Effectively
Let’s not beat around the bush – you want to know if you’ve successfully met the requirements to earn that SOC 2 stamp of approval. So, where do you start? Tackling a SOC 2 report may seem daunting at first, but with the right approach, it’s more like flipping through an insightful guide to data security (and hey, it’s something you can learn from, which is definitely a green flag in our books!).
Here’s how to make sense of it all:
1. Start with the Auditor’s Opinion
Your auditor’s opinion will be your starting line, as this will set the tone for the rest of the report. This opinion validates the effectiveness of the controls implemented by your organization and how well your organization has complied with the relevant Trust Service Principles (TSP). A “clean” opinion (no major issues) is a great sign, while a “qualified” one should make you sit up straight and pay attention.
There are four types of opinions, which can be interpreted as follows:
| Auditor’s Opinion | Description |
| Unqualified Opinion | Your controls are designed properly and are operating effectively. |
| Qualified Opinion | At least one or more of the controls were not designed properly or they were not operating effectively. |
| Disclaimer of Opinion | The auditor is unable to express an opinion, which is often due to insufficient information and evidence provided. |
| Adverse Opinion | Your systems are not reliable and do not provide an adequate degree of information security. |
2. Review Management’s Assertion
Think of management’s assertion as the organization’s pledge to uphold the relevant TSPs outlined in the SOC 2 framework. Understanding what management claims to be doing helps you see where they’re coming from.
3. Look at the System Description
Familiarize yourself with the scope of the audit to make sure you understand what was tested. This will give you a good idea of exactly which services are covered.
4. Focus on Control Testing and Results
Here’s where you get a sense of whether your company walks the talk when it comes to SOC 2 compliance. Are controls working as intended? Did any exceptions arise? If so, were they minor, or did they expose significant security gaps?
5. Understand Complementary Controls
What’s your role in keeping things secure? The report may outline specific steps you or your team should take to strengthen your overall data security and privacy approach.
Analyzing Your SOC 2 Report
When you’re ready to dig deeper, SOC audit reports reveal what’s working, what’s shaky, and where improvements might be needed. Keep these key considerations in mind during your analysis:
SOC 2 Exceptions
SOC 2 audit exceptions highlight where controls fell short. When you spot them, don’t panic – analyze their impact. Are they minor (e.g., outdated documentation) or major security gaps? Some may be deal-breakers, while others are learning opportunities.
Control Effectiveness
Did the auditor find that controls were working as intended? If yes, fantastic! If not, what were the shortcomings? Understanding this tells you whether your organization truly has its security act together.
Audit Period
Remember, SOC 2 Type 2 reports cover a period of time. Was the audit recent enough? This might be a consideration for some of your customers or partners.
User Responsibilities
Don’t overlook your role. If the report calls out things your team must do to maintain security, take it seriously. SOC 2 compliance report reviews go both ways – provider and user.
CUECs (Complementary User Entity Controls)
Again, your role isn’t passive here. Consider how feasible these CUECs are for your business and whether you’ll be able to comply.
SOC 2 Made Simple (and Stress-free!) with Scytale
Understanding a SOC 2 audit report doesn’t have to feel like navigating a maze. Once you know how to interpret it, you’ll see that SOC 2 reviews offer valuable insight into your business’s security practices and those of the companies you partner with. Keep it simple, be thorough, and focus on what matters most to your business.
Scytale offers powerful compliance automation software paired with a dedicated compliance team that guides you through the entire process – from preparing for your SOC 2 audit to analyzing the results and understanding their impact on your business. With Scytale, achieving compliance becomes more manageable and far less stressful, so you can focus on what you do best – building trust and growing your business.
